4
Functioning of the by-pass (3-way) flow control
valve (with MUV)
(this type is used in combination with fixed
displacement pumps) (fig. 7 and 8)
The AMCA-MUV has three functions:
1. Energy saving
If the directional control spools are in neutral position
(spool 1 in fig.7), and the pump is running, the
pressure relief valve 1 (MUV) opens at low pressure
(depending on the spring 3, 6, 8 or 12 bar (43, 86,
114 or 172 psi)).
P and T are connected. The power (pxq
v
) turned into
heat is very low.
The spring chamber is connected, via the “load-
pressure check back system”, to T (tank).
(example fig. 21)
2. Load independent flow control
(acting as a 3-way flow control valve)
If one directional control spool is actuated (spool 2
in fig. 7, where P is connected to B2), the load-
pressure is connected to the spring chamber of the
MUV. The left part of the “load pressure check back
system” is closed by spool 2. The load-pressure
added to the spring-equivalent pressure is in balance
with the pressure at P. Therefore the ∆p over the
directional control valve remains constant (3, 6, 8 or
12 bar (43, 86, 114 or 172 psi)).
As q
v
= k. ∆p, the flow remains constant, at a given
opening of port B2, independent of the load-pressure.
The output (flow) is proportional to the input signal
(displacement of spool).
The unnecessary pumpflow returns to tank.
3. Adjustable maximum load pressure
The maximum load-pressure can be restricted by the
adjustable relief valve 2.
Functioning of the series (2-way) flow control
valve (with MDM)
(this type is used in combination with variable
displacement/pressure compensated pumps
(example fig. 9 and 10) or accumulator circuits.
The AMCA-MDM has three functions:
1. Energy saving
If the directional control spools are in neutral position
(spool 1 in fig. 9) and the pump is running, the
pressure reducing valve MDM (normally open) tends
OPERATION
to close (is balancing).
The pressure controls the pump-capacity to a
minimum. Again the power (p x q
v
) turned into heat
is very low.
The spring chamber is connected, via the “load-
pressure check back system” to T (tank).
2. Load independent flow control
(acting as a 2-way flow control valve)
If one directional control spool is actuated (spool 2
in fig. 9) MDM-orifice throttles the flow and reduces
the pressure. This reduced pressure is connected to
B2.
The left part of the “load pressure check back system”
is closed by spool 2. The load pressure added to the
spring-equivalent pressure (3, 6, 8 or 12 bar (43, 86,
114 or 172 psi)) is in balance with the reduced
pressure.
Therefore the ∆p at flow angle 2 remains constant
(3, 6, 8 or 12 bar (42, 86, 114 or 172 psi)). As q
v
=
k. ∆p, the flow remains constant at a given opening
of port B2, independent of the load pressure.
The output (flow) is proportional to the input signal
(displacement of spool).
There is no unnecessary pumpflow (pump capacity
is controlled by pressure).
3. Adjustable maximum load pressure
The maximum load pressure can be restricted by
the adjustable relief valve 2.
Functioning of the by-pass (3-way) flow control
valve (with MUV/R)
(this type is used if there is a need to use the MUV
as a sequence valve)
(fig. 11 and 12)
The function is the same as described in clause 1
(fig. 7). The return bore is blocked (as in fig. 9). There
is an additional possibility of directing the pumpflow
from P to R (fig. 12) to feed another circuit up to 350
bar, or to control the adjusting mechanism on a
variable displacement pump (fig. 11).
(example fig. 24)
Note: (1)
If the systempump is of the load sensing type,
no compensator is required. (example fig.25)
(2)
For simultanious operation of the proportional
directional control valve, independent of
loadpressure, we advice a pressure
compensator for each control valve.
For flows < 201 l/min. (53 USgpm) per control
section, the MFC stacked valves are a good
alternative in this case. (see Publ. F12/18K)